What hydrant is typically utilized to measure static and residual pressures?

The term "residual hydrant" specifically refers to the hydrant utilized for measuring both static and residual pressures in a water system. Static pressure is the pressure in the system when water is not flowing, while residual pressure is the pressure remaining in the system when water is flowing through a hydrant or other outlet. The residual hydrant is strategically positioned to provide accurate readings of these two pressure types, which are essential for evaluating the performance of the water supply system, especially in fire protection scenarios.

Understanding the difference between these pressures is critical for fire service professionals to ensure that sufficient water supply is available during emergency situations. The residual hydrant is equipped for testing pressure and flow capabilities, thereby supporting the design and operational efficiency of fire protection systems.

In contrast, other types of hydrants do not serve the same purpose. For instance, flow hydrants are primarily used to assess the flow rate of water rather than to measure static and residual pressures. Private fire hydrants are designed for use on private properties but do not inherently indicate a specific function for pressure measurement. Wet-barrel hydrants, often found in warmer climates, have a different design suited for specific conditions but do not relate directly to the measurement of static and residual pressures in the same way the residual